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A. THIOLLIER 81; P. LAURENT.

GUPOLA AND BLAST FURNACE No.. 250,602. I Patented Dec. 6,1881.

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A. THIOLLIER AND F. LAURENT, OF MARSEILLES, FRANCE.

CUPCLA AND BLAST FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 250,602, dated December 6, 1881.

Application filed October 24, 1879.

France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements relating to Oupola and Blast Furnaces and analogous furnaces used in the treatment of metals; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof.

\Ve apply fuel in the form of gas and powder successfully to this class of furnaces, and thereby realize the advantages due to the best application of the fuel, together with the advantages of the preheating of the metals and accompanying matter, due to its descent gradually in the upright form of furnace.

We can employ various proportions of gas and pulverized coal and make the flame a neutral and simply melting flame, or a reducingfiame, or an oxidizing-flame, at will.

The accompanying drawing forms a part of this specification, and represents in vertical section means for carrying out the invention.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

A is a blast-furnace; Z), the ordinary tuyeres for the admission of air delivered through a pipe, B, past a cook or controlling-valve, B. The air is preferably heated and given a force before it is delivered through the pipe 13. Where it enters the pipe B from the main pipe or source a branch pipe, I, is also provided to lead it to the gas-chamber O. This branch I is equipped with a controlling-cock, l, which may be opened to allow air to pass into the chamber 0 and mingle with the gas, or closed to cut off this flow.

(J is a gas-holder supplied with combustible gas produced by the distillation or partial burning of coal introduced through a pipe, E, from any suitable source, (not shown,) and delivering the gas as required through a pipe, D, through a valve, D, and injecting it into the furnace through orifices (1 above the air-inlets b. The gas, in its passage through the pipe D, or at some earlier stage, may be heated by any ordinary or suitable means. (Not shown.)

G is a vessel filled with powdered charcoal or coke, or coal of good quality not liable to become adhesive when heated. The fine solid fuel descends through a pipe, H, through a valve, H, into the pipe D, and is blown along by the force of the gas therein and enters the furnace A therewith.

By properly opening and closing the several valves B D H, we can vary the relative quantities of the air, the combustible gas, and the fine solid fuel.

It will be understood that a sufficient pressure of air or gas is applied on the top of the vessel G.

The relative quantities may be further varied by varying the relative pressures in the several sources of supply.

By means of any ordinary or suitable regulators the pressures in the several sources of supply may be kept uniform, and in such case the relative quantities will be determined by the valves alone. It will be understood that by reducing the supply of gas from (7, or of pulverized fuel from G, or of both, the flame may be made more oxidizing, or by increasing these relatively to the supply of air through B the-flame in the furnace will be made more reducing or deoxidizing, according to the nature of the material being treated and the effects desired to be produced.

The nature of the combustible gas may be varied within wide limits from a large proportion to a small proportion of carbon, carbonic oxide, and hydrogen. It may be hot, as when manufactured by ordinary processes in the large way by the aid of a thick fire of coal, with only a scanty supply of air, and carried directly to the gas-holder; or it may be made by the same or other processes and purified by the removal of all condensable matter and the nitrogen. The small quantity of heat lost in the cooling for this purpose is much more than compensated for by the increased effect of the subsequent burning. The gas and pulverized fuel, being admitted above the tuyeres, strike a zone where the heat is most concentrated, and the effect is better than in any other position known to us.

The upright form of furnace differs from all the forms of horizontal furnaces in the gradual descent of the solid matter being added at a relatively cool point above and becoming heated in the descent through the rising flame.

Our invention will apply to nearly or quite all the forms of upright furnaces, notably to all the forms of blast-furnaces known as high, demi-high, and to the ordinary cupola-furnaces of the foundry.

Many modifications may be made in the details Without departing from the principle of the invention. The gas may be largely What is known as Water-gas with good effect.

We claim as our invention- 1. In a cupola-furnace adapted to consume solid and gaseous fuel, the combination of a pipe or pipes for delivering air through a set of contracted openings in the base of the furnace with a gas-supp1y,E 0, having a connecting-pipe, D D, and aconnection, H H, to a solid-fuel-containing chamber, G, and with a series of contracted openings, (1, arranged in the base of the furnace above the set of airopenings, as set forth.

2. The combination, in an upright furnace, of a gas and solid-fuel mingling and supplyin g device provided with a regulating and stop ping means, whereby the supply of either or both the forms of fuel may be controlled, with an air-supplying device for delivering air in the base of the furnace beneath the fuel-supply, and with provisions for directing the air into the gas-chamber for mingling with the gas before entering the furnace, substantially as set forth.

A. THIOLLIER. F. LAURENT. 

